伊朗APT石油鑽井平台使用新嘅埼玉後門

4月下旬 2022, Fortinet and Malwarebytes security researchers discovered a malicious Excel document sent by the OilRig hacker group (also known as APT34, Helix Kitten, and Cobalt Gypsy) to a Jordanian diplomat to inject a new backdoor called Saitama.

The phishing email came from a hacker disguised as an employee of the IT department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The attack was discovered after the recipient forwarded the email to a real IT employee to verify the authenticity of the email.

According to research notes provided by Fortinet, the macro uses WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) to query its command and control (C&C) server and is capable of producing three files: a malicious PE file, a configuration file, and a legitimate DLL file. Written in .NET, 這 Saitama backdoor uses the DNS protocol to communicate with C&C and exfiltrate data, which is the stealthiest method of communication. Methods of masking malicious packets in legitimate traffic are also used.

Let me remind you that we also reported that Cross-platform SysJoker backdoor attacks Windows, macOS and Linux and that 黑客向招聘人員發送帶有more_eggs惡意軟件嘅簡歷.

Malwarebytes also published a separate backdoor report, noting that the entire program flow is explicitly defined as a state machine. In simple words, the machine will change its state depending on the command sent to each state.

States include:

1. The initial state in which the backdoor receives the launch command;
2. “Live” state, in which the backdoor connects to the C&C服務器, waiting for a command;
3. Sleep mode;
4. Receiving state, in which the backdoor accepts commands from the C&C服務器;
5. Operational state in which the backdoor executes commands;
6. Submission state, in which the results of command execution are sent to attackers.